ROVER MINI (1984-2000)罗孚迷你(1984-2000)
This is the car that started the small car revolution.这是小型轿车,轿车开始革命. If you've never driven a Mini, then you're in the minority.如果你从来迷你驱动,那么你就在少数. Most of us squeezed ourselves behind the wheel at one time or another in our formative years and if we're honest, most of us enjoyed the experience.大多数人挤自己的车轮后面陆续形成时期,如果我们为人诚实、大多数人享受的经验. There was something about driving a Mini, a cheeky quality which today's breed of 'superminis' have found impossible to duplicate.有一些驾驶小型、温馨的优质今日的品种'superminis'发现无法复制. It was an individual car created by an individualist: Alexander Arnold Constantine Issigonis.这是一个创造的个体车山头:君士坦丁issigonis阿诺亚历山大. In the 2000s, it's something of a cult car.在2000年代,它的一些邪教车. And of course, there are plenty about.而当然,多得是.
HISTORY历史
Against all expectations, the Mini remained in production until July 2000, well over 40 years after its launch.事与愿违,小生产仍然直到2000年7月和40年后发射. In fact, the story of the car goes back a little further than that ?其实,故事再回到车上比? to 1956 and the petrol rationing which came in the wake of the Suez crisis.至1956年开始在汽油配给随着苏伊士运河危机. Initially, the market had responded to this new demand for economy with a string of so-called 'bubble' cars, mainly imported from Germany.最初,这种新的市场需求,以回应经济一串所谓'泡'车进口主要来自德国.
The British Motor Corporation, created four years earlier by the merger of Austin and Morris, wanted to create a new small contender to drive the bubble cars off the road.英国汽车公司,4年前创造的莫里斯和奥斯汀合并,要创造一个新的竞争者驾驶小型车离路面泡沫. It had to be a proper car with four seats.它必须妥善车四个席位. It had to use an existing BMC engine.它利用现有的高官发动机. And it had to be smaller than the two current compact cars then being built by BMC, the Austin A35 and the Morris Minor.它是目前紧凑型轿车小于两所兴建当时高官、奥斯汀和莫里斯的A35号小. Otherwise, the new car's designer was to be given a free hand.否则,新车的设计者是要放手.
Issigonis turned his mind to the smallest possible car that would still accommodate four adults and luggage.issigonis把眼光放在最小的汽车,仍可以容纳四个成年人和行李. His idea was for a box measuring approximately 10?他的想法是一个长约10盒? x 4?×4? x 4?×4? of which 80% should be given over to passengers and luggage, leaving only two feet in length to accommodate the powertrain.其中80%以上应当向旅客和行李只剩容纳两英尺长动力.
He realised from the outset that to fit everything into the space available, he would need to use very small 10" wheels and all-independent suspension. But the real genius was his idea of using a transverse engine to drive the front wheels via a gearbox built into the sump.他说,从一开始就明白到一切适合生存的空间,他将需要使用很小10"车轮和全独立悬架.但真正的天才,他的构想是利用发动机驱动前轮横向经变速箱的水池建成.
It was a revolutionary concept and one which the British market took a little time to adjust to.这是一个革命性的概念,其中英国市场代为一点时间来适应. The first year's production (the eight months from May to December 1959) amounted to less than 20,000 cars.第一年的制作(5月至12月的8个月1959年)达到两万车. Things picked up the next year however, with 100,000 Minis made, a figure which doubled in 1962 and stayed above that level until 1977.不过,明年的事情捡起,MINIS的100,000,而这个数字在1962年增加一倍以上,并下榻水平直到1977年.
The early cars were full of little idiosyncrasies ?早期车爆满不大特质? some practical, some not.一些实际,有的不是. There was a separate starter button, for example, mounted on the floor (which made sense since the battery was mounted in the boot).有一个单独的按钮起动,例如安放在地上(这是在情理之中,因为电池安装在车尾箱). There was no dashboard in the ordinary sense, just a full-width parcel shelf, with a speedometer incorporating a fuel gauge in a central nacelle.没有任何仪表在一般意义上,公正全面包裹货架宽度、以速度将燃油舱收集了中央.
Performance enthusiasts became interested in the car in 1961 with the announcement of the twin-carburettor Mini Cooper, followed two years later by the even more potent Mini-Cooper 'S'.演出爱好者的兴趣,成为1961年汽车与公布双化油器迷你库珀、随后两年后更巨大的迷你库珀的'. This was the car that put British rallying firmly on the world stage, thanks to Paddy Hopkirk and Henry Liddon's victory in the 1964 Monte Carlo Rally.这是英国把车子牢牢凝聚在世界的舞台上,由于稻谷hopkirkliddon和亨利的胜利1964年蒙特卡洛大会.
The Cooper didn't last however, as a production car; neither did the Estate version which sold quite well in the Seventies (and created the Minivan).库珀的最后并未但是,作为生产汽车;地产版中也没有卖出不错七十年(创造了小货车). By 1980, the Estate and the staple long-nose Clubman two-door version had disappeared to leave just two variants; the basic City and the plush Mayfair.由1980年的产业及大宗长鼻子clubman双门版两种变种刚刚消失离去;基本市和长毛绒美景.
Both of these were powered by a 40bhp 1.0-litre engine (offered with a catalyst from 1989).这两个分别由40bhp马力1.0公升引擎(提供了催化剂从1989年). In September 1990, the Cooper version returned, with a new 1275cc 61bhp engine.1990年9月,库珀版本归还,以新1275cc61bhp引擎. In 1991, this unit was replaced by a 63bhp 1.3-litre engine and the same powertrain was placed in the new entry-level Sprite (which replaced the City) in 1992; the Mayfair got the 1275cc engine at this time.1991年这支部队取代了63bhp1.3公升引擎和传动系统被放到同新职雪碧(取代市)1992年;发动机有1275cc的美景此时. By November 1992, all Minis came with catalysts and had 1.3-litre power; in July 1993, a pricey Cabriolet version was put on sale.按1992年11月,所有前来与MINIS的催化剂和130公升功率;1993年7月,cabriolet被珍藏版发售.
Very little then happened until 1996, when the whole range was given a refresher.很少再发生,直到1996年,当获得了一系列修. Outward visual clues to the revised car were few - unless you were a Mini fanatic.修改车外视觉线索很少,除非你是一个迷你狂热. These included clear directional indicators at the front.这些指标包括明确定向于前面. Inside, there was a driver's side airbag (what would Issigonis have made of that?) housed in a chunky three-spoke steering wheel borrowed from the MGF sportscar.内有一位司机身旁气囊(issigonis取得了什么?)住在块状三讲方向盘借用函数跑车. Pointing out front behind it were "up to the moment" column stalks.前面后面则指出:"截至目前"栏杆. There was even an intermittent setting for the wipers and a two-speed fan - heady stuff.甚至有一项设定为间歇刮水器、双速扇振奋人心的东西.
The seats too came in for the 1990s treatment.座位为1990年来过治疗. They were based on those used in the Rover 200, with 'break back' squabs, which could be released to fold forward, easing access to the rear.他们所用的是基于罗孚200,'回来休息的育雏、可奉告倍向前,进入后方缓和. Other detail changes include a new leather-clad gear knob and a chromed gear lever.其他细节变动包括了新皮革―5500齿轮齿轮旋钮、铬杠杆. Chrome bezels around instrument dials set in a new wood fascia meanwhile, were supposed to evoke memories of the classic sixties.铬bezels订新约文书先拨木材筋膜同时,用来勾起回忆的经典60. Other improvements included seatbelt pre-tensioners, side door anti-intrusion beams, an immobiliser and an alarm.其他改进包括安全带预张紧、侧门防入侵横梁,一个锁和报警.
The more important changes however, took place under the skin.然而更重要的变化,发生在皮肤. The radiator for example, was at last moved from the side to the front of the engine bay.散热器例如,终于从方车头引擎湾. The 1275cc Cooper engine, now standardised across the range, got Rover's most powerful engine management computer to give fully programmed sequential fuel injection.库珀的1275cc引擎,目前全国标准化靶场罗孚得到的最强大引擎管理电脑程控给予充分顺序燃油喷射. There was also a direct (distributor less) electronic ignition system.还有一个直接电子点火系统(分配器少).
Unfortunately, all this did not lead to an improvement in the 63bhp power output.不幸的是,这一切没有导致改善的输出功率63bhp. In fact, due to "an inevitable" weight increase of about 3.5%, there was actually a slight reduction in "on paper" performance, with the top speed now at 90mph and rest to sixty taking 12.2s.事实上,由于"必然"体重约增加3.5%,原来有轻微减少"纸上谈兵"的表现,与目前最高时速为6090mph和休息以12.2s.
Just two models were now being offered, the Mini 1.3i and the Mini Cooper 1.3i.现在只提供两款,迷你小库珀1.3i和1.3i. They were identical apart from the Cooper's distinguishing white roof, bonnet stripes, spot lamps and sports alloy wheels.他们一致除了库珀的鉴别白色屋顶,头盖棉衣,当场灯具和体育合金车轮. For another £795, you could buy a `Sports Pack`, including Minilite-style alloy wheels, four front-mounted rally style fog lams, chrome tailpipes and extra instrument gauges.另外795英镑,你可以买一包'体育',包括minilite式合金车轮,四个前集会,展开风格实验室帐务雾,仪器仪表及额外铬燃烧室. However, buyers who went this route, had to be prepared for the maximum speed to drop to 84mph.不过,买家来到这条航线,就必须准备最高车速降至84mph.
The final ?Classic?最后?经典? range was announced in April 2000.距离2000年4月宣布. Just 4,000 were produced in three versions, all with the same 63bhp 1.3-litre engine.仅4000制作三个版本,一样的63bhp1.3公升引擎. The Seven was badged as a tribute to the first Mini (the Austin Seven) and had an interior supposed to be reminiscent of the 1959 model.七是第一次以歌颂badged迷你(奥斯汀七)室内布展理应是联想1959模式.
Next up was the Cooper, with a smarter black leather-trimmed interior.库珀是下一起来,以高明的黑色皮革裁剪内政部. At the top was the Cooper Sport with interior trimmed in black and nickel leather with ?race-style?库珀在榜首的是体育与内政部削除黑镍皮革?马式? alloy fittings and a metallic-finish fascia.合金配件、金属完成筋膜. There was also a polished alloy gearknob and a leather-trimmed steering wheel.还有抛光合金gearknob和皮革裁剪方向盘.
The Mini finally died late in 2000.迷你终于在2000年年底去世.
WHAT YOU GET 什么才叫 
Arguably, an affordable classic ?可以说,一个典型的负担? the Japanese love them.日本人爱他们. Minis are noisy (though later ones were better soundproofed), crude, cramped and huge fun to drive.正在MINIS的喧嚣(虽然后来被更好的隔音),原油、拥挤和巨大驾驶乐趣. They're still cheap to run and easy to DIY with (except the exhaust which is terribly difficult to replace).他们还在低廉、易于管理与贴(除废气是很难取代).
WHAT YOU PAY 您付出
Early cars in good condition should be priced on an individual basis whereas early cars that are showing their age a bit can be obtained for a couple of hundred quid.早期状况良好车票价应该是以个人身份而呈现年龄提早车有点可为数百嚼块. Post-1996 facelift models with the 1275cc-litre fuel injected engine and a driver?s airbag start at about £2,800 for the base model on 97P plates and go up to around £4,500 for a 00X.邮1996整容型号同1275cc公升燃料注入发动机和一名司机?气囊收盘为2800英镑左右开始示范基地就97p板升了约4500英镑00x. Add around £400-£600 for a Cooper.加上400英镑左右-库珀为600英镑. Specifications can vary widely and prices will vary a little according to the options fitted as these later Minis could be extensively ?customised?规格可以有很大的不同,价格会有点差别,因为根据该方案,这些装置后可广泛MINIS的?订制? by the factory.由工厂.
Cabriolets range from about £1,800 on 93K plates to just under £3,000 for a 96N.大约在1800英镑不等cabriolets93k板为96n略低于3000英镑. There are also numerous special editions about but you shouldn?t have to pay more than around £50 to £100 extra for any of these.还有许多特殊版本,但你不应当对吗?笔要付50英镑以上100英镑左右的额外作任何这些.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR 寻找什么
Check carefully for rust; few of the Mini's panels are bolted on and you'll need a welder if the car is too far gone.小心为锈;几个小的事务,并于螺栓焊机如果您需要车太干了. Watch too for crash damage which can put the whole body out of alignment.为观看过坠机损坏能令全身出路线.
Look for leaks from the radiator and water pump ?寻找漏散热器、水泵? the engines aren't known for their longevity and can give off blue smoke from burning oil.引擎不为人所知,能给他们长寿烟燃烧过的蓝油. A rattle from the timing chain is not unusual.一时间,从摇铃链并非不寻常.
Clutch judder is common; also look out for rattling gear levers and crunching gears.离合器抖动是常见;也好自为之霍霍齿轮杠杆啃齿轮. Check that the steering isn't sloppy and ensure that the doors are hanging correctly.检查督导不马虎,确保门吊正确. The rear suspension can 'clonk' when worn and the rear brake adjusters sometimes rust.后方可以暂停'啸'当刹车磨损与后方有时调节锈.
REPLACEMENT PARTS 替换零件
(approx based on a 1989 1.0 Mini) An exhaust system is about £25.(大约1.0基于1989迷你)排气系统英镑约25. A clutch assembly will be around £105 and brake pads front and rear are around £20 and £17 a set.大会将有离合器、刹车皮105英镑左右前后大约17英镑20英镑一套. An alternator should be close to £85 and a radiator around £50.一个发电机应接近85英镑一英镑左右散热器50.
ON THE ROAD 在路上
Minis are great fun to drive, with perky performance; rest to 60 in a 1.3 takes just over 11 seconds on the way to a top speed of some 92mph.MINIS的是驾驶乐趣,perky表现;休息601.3只需11秒途中最高时速约92mph. The car is noisy and you have to get used to the Sixties driving position but in comparison to the driving enjoyment offered by anything else for the same money, it's a real treat.嘈杂的车是你驾驶习惯的位置,但相较于60年代的驾驶享受提供一切因同样的钱,这是一场真正的享受.
OVERALL 总体
A hoot.在乎. The rock-hard suspension will be a shock to those used to modern superminis, but if you don't mind sacrificing a little comfort, its the most fun you can have around town for the money.石头打那些受冲击将用于现代superminis,但是,如果你不介意牺牲一点舒适最有趣的是可以用城市周围的钱.
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