FORD CORTINA (1962-1982)福特科尔蒂纳丹(1962-1982)
Although many malign the Ford Cortina, history will judge it in a different light.虽然许多中伤福特科尔蒂纳丹,历史自有它一个不同的角度. Launched on September 21, 1962, the Cortina cost £573 in standard 1200 saloon guise and became an instant bestseller.推出1962年9月21日,1200年科尔蒂纳丹标准房573英镑的费用,并假借瞬即畅销. It enjoyed a 20-year career in which 4.3-million examples were produced.它拥有20年的生涯中4.3万实例制作. The last Cortina was assembled in July 1982, and was succeeded by the Sierra, at which time the entry-level model was priced at £4,515.最后科尔蒂纳丹被装在1982年7月,继任的塞拉,到那个时候的入门级型号售价为4515英镑. The Cortina was so successful and so different from other cars in the industry that in Britain it inspired what became known as ?the Cortina class?.这样成功的科尔蒂纳丹等不同于其他汽车产业的启发,在英国它被称为什么?一流的科尔蒂纳丹?. Once established, at times one in every six cars being built in the UK was a Cortina.一旦建立,在每一个时代所兴建的六辆,英国是科尔蒂纳丹. Along with the parallel success of the Escort from 1968, this helped Ford gain market leadership in Britain, which it has now maintained for more than 25 years.随着平行成功护送从1968年这有助于福特赢得市场领导地位,在英国它已经保持了25年以上. In 20 years, four distinctly different generations of Cortina were put on the market ?20年来,几代四个截然不同科尔蒂纳丹摆上市场? each of them selling more than a million examples around the world.每销售100多万人在世界各地的例子. Although the Cortina is often viewed as something of a figure of fun, it has become an integral and important part of British motoring history and the rarer models are increasingly collectable.虽然科尔蒂纳丹常视之为一个人物,乐趣无穷它已成为英国的一个组成部分和重要的历史和驾驶模式日渐稀少收.
HISTORY历史
Only 21 months after the original body style had been approved, the first Cortina production car rolled off the new assembly line at Dagenham, in Essex.原来只有21个月后,身体已批准风格、第一科尔蒂纳丹对开轧车生产流水线在新dagenham,埃塞克斯. By the time the Cortina was revealed on September 21, 1962, four different 1.2-litre types were already in the showrooms ?到了科尔蒂纳丹被揭发1962年9月21日,四个不同的1.2公升类型已在陈列室? two-door and four-door saloons, to Standard and De Luxe specification with a choice of central floor-mounted or steering column gearchange controls.二门、四门发廊、德规范和标准,以选择luxe中央地板装或督导专栏gearchange管制. No fewer than 67,050 cars were produced before the end of that year,不下生产轿车67050前年底,
Over the next few months, several important derivatives were added to the range.在未来几个月中,几个重要的衍生加射程. In January 1963 the more completely equipped 1.5-litre Cortina Super was announced, a roomy and practical estate car appeared in March, and in April the sporting 78bhp/1.5-litre Cortina GT was added to the range.在1963年1月更完全配备1.5升科尔蒂纳丹超级揭晓宽敞、实用的汽车产业出现了34、体育78bhp/1.5-litre科尔蒂纳丹燃气轮机幅度增加. In the meantime the specialised Lotus-Cortina ?在此期间专门莲花科尔蒂纳丹? a two-door saloon which not only featured a 105bhp/twin-overhead-camshaft engine, and coil spring rear suspension, but many light-alloy body panels ?二门球馆不仅内容105bhp/twin-overhead-camshaft发动机、弹簧后方中止但许多轻合金板体? had already been previewed.已经预演. Deliveries of this type, which was intended for motorsport use, began during the spring, with the first racing successes following in September.这种交付而打算驾驶使用,开始在春天赛车成绩与第一名以下9.
In the next three years there was continuous change and improvement.在未来三年内有连续变化和进步. 1964 models featured a new instrument panel layout, Borg Warner automatic transmission became optional in 1.5-litre models, then for 1965 the company introduced the important innovation, of Aeroflow (through-flow) cabin ventilation.1964年展出新型号仪表板布局,博格华纳在自动变速器成了择1.5升型号然后对1965年公司推出的重要创新,aeroflow(通流)座舱通风. The sensational Lotus-Cortina was given new-type leaf-spring rear suspension in mid-1965.耸动莲花科尔蒂纳丹获准新型板簧后方悬浮于1965年. By the summer of 1966, the Cortina had earned more than £250 million in export sales, and the millionth car was built.夏天的1966年科尔蒂纳丹已赚得250万英镑以上外销,而车建百万分之一. Then, in October 1966, a new-shape Cortina, the Mk II, took over.接着,1966年10月,一个新形科尔蒂纳丹,二队接手. Using the same basic platform and running gear, there was a completely new body style.利用同一基础平台和传动装置,有一个全新的身体风格. Two-door and four-door saloons were launched at once, the estate car version followed in February 1967 and a new-type Lotus-Cortina in March.二门、四门发廊被刮风,地产轿车版之后,1967年2月在某新型莲花科尔蒂纳丹3.
From October 1967 the Mk II range was further up-rated, not only by the fitment of new cross-flow 1.3-litre and 1.6-litre engines, but by the addition of a luxuriously trimmed 1600E model, which combined 1600GT performance, Lotus-Cortina handling and unique high-specification furnishing.从1967年10月的第二队进一步上升幅度税率不仅新车头横流1.3公升和1.6公升引擎但除了一项奢侈修剪1600e模型,组合成1600gt表现莲花科尔蒂纳丹处理和独特的高规格的家具. 1969 models were further improved, notably with new manual transmissions, new facias, and the availability of reclining seats on more models in the range.1969年进一步完善模型,尤其以新手册变速器,新令,斜倚座位,可供更多种类的模范. From this point, the Lotus-Cortina officially became the Cortina Twin-Cam, though without mechanical changes.从这点出发,莲花科尔蒂纳丹正式成了科尔蒂纳丹双雯虽然没有机械变化. By this time, no fewer than 14 different Cortina types were available.此时,不少于14个不同类型的科尔蒂纳丹刊物.
The Mk II Cortina sold even faster than the original type, with well over one million manufactured in a four-year period.二队的科尔蒂纳丹卖出比原来更快型香港有超过一百万制造为期四年. Although the existing engines were carried forward, the Mk III range, introduced in October 1970, was in all other respects entirely new.虽然现有发动机被发扬光大,三队的射程,于1970年10月推出,在所有其他方面完全是新的. No longer than before, it nevertheless had a 3.5in.不再比以前,但它有一个3.5in. longer wheelbase, being wider and lower than the previous type.长轴距,比上届扩大和种类.
The sweeping new style hid a new family of ?Pinto?星罗棋布的新型躲在新家族?平托? overhead-camshaft engines, the largest of which was a 98bhp 2.0-litre which guaranteed a top speed of over 100mph: there was no Lotus derivative.伏-凸轮轴发动机,其中最大的是98bhp2.0升,最高时速超过100mph保证:荷花是没有衍生. Other innovations included wishbone front suspension and coil spring rear suspension.其他创新包括横臂前悬架和弹簧后方停牌. Although the new car shared its platform with a new model Ford from Germany, the Taunus, the Cortina Mk III had a unique style: as expected, two-door and four-saloons and an estate car shared four engines and five trim/equipment packs.虽然新的汽车共用平台的新模式,由福特德国,均未、三队的科尔蒂纳丹了独特的风格:果然二门和四房地产、汽车共用引擎和五浪4/设备折. This was a time when Ford offered a wide choice of factory-fit options and accessories, including automatic transmission, and cross-ply or radial ply tyres.这时候提供多种选择福特工厂配合期权和配件,包括自动变速器、现货或子午线帘布轮胎帘布.
In the early 1970s, the Mk III range was simplified and in 1972 a new type of Ford automatic transmission ?在70年代初期,三是简化队的射程在1972福特新型自动变速器? the C3 ?<C3的? was made available.可供. Then, in October 1973, the design was refreshed, with new smaller versions of the ?Pinto?那么,1973年10月,设计爽快,新版本的小?平托? engine, new grille styling and a new fascia.发动机、新造型、新门锁筋膜. At the same time the top-of-the-range 2000E was added to the line up.在这同时顶--程2000e加上去排队. Although inflation in Britain made it difficult to hold down prices, the Cortina was always a best-seller, made even more attractive in October 1975 by Ford?s ?Value for Money?虽然英国通货膨胀难以压低价格,科尔蒂纳丹一直畅销,1975年10月作出更具吸引力的福特?收盘?物有所值? equipment enhancement package.加强包装设备. Later, to face up to post-energy crisis fuel economy requirements, a new ?economy?后来,面对后燃油经济要求的能源危机,新?经济? Cortina 1300 was introduced in February 1976.科尔蒂纳丹1300年推出1976年2月. By the summer of 1976, the Mk III had become the best-selling Cortina so far ?由夏1976年三队已成为最畅销的科尔蒂纳丹为止? but a new version was already on the way.但新版本已经到了!
The Mk IV range was introduced in September 1976, with a brand-new and stylishly more angular shape than before, which was built up on the same well-proven platform and running gear as the ultra-successful Mk III.四队的程于1976年9月,以崭新的角度和形状比以前更stylishly,这是建立在同样的平台和传动装置作为证明超成功队三. Once again this was a wide range of saloons and estate cars, with engines spanning 50bhp/1.3-litres and 98bhp/2.0-litres at first.这是一次广泛的发廊、地产汽车、引擎和横跨50bhp/1.3-litres98bhp/2.0-litres骤. In place of the GT versions, there was now a Cortina S, while the most completely trimmed and equipped models were badged Ghia.燃气轮机到位的版本,现在科尔蒂纳丹S号而最彻底的6.6%和装备模型badgedghia. One year later, in October 1977, a 108bhp/2.3-litre V6 engined version of the car, the flagship of the range, was made available.一年后,1977年10月,一个引擎版本108bhp/2.3-litreV6导车旗舰的射程,可供. This was now the most complete Cortina range so far, for at this time there were 20 derivatives, their prices spanning £2,523 (1300 two-door) to £4,795 (2300 Ghia estate).这是目前为止最完整的科尔蒂纳丹射程,此时有20衍生跨越2523英镑的价格(1300年二门)至4795英镑(2300年ghia地产). In its first full year on sale, 1977, the Mk IV leapt to the top of British sales charts.在成立的第一年就销售,1977年第四队跃居首位英国销售图表. Indeed, 1979 was the best year ever for Cortina sales, 193,784 (11.3 per cent of the UK new car market) being sold that year.事实上,1979年是有史以来最好的科尔蒂纳丹销售193784(11.3%英国新车市场)出售所致.
Only three years after the Mk IV had been introduced, in September 1979, a significantly revised version of the range, officially to be known as the Cortina 80, was unveiled.仅三年后已引进四队,1979年9月一个明显的修订版本范围内,正式定名为科尔蒂纳丹80揭幕. Although it was never officially called the Mk V, this title was adopted by many Cortina enthusiasts and customers, and was the type that carried the Cortina range successfully to the end of its career in mid-1982.虽然这并非官方称五队,通过这个称号许多科尔蒂纳丹爱好者和顾客那种认为被成功地进行了一系列科尔蒂纳丹结束其职业中旬1982. Although based closely on the Mk IV, the style and specification of the Cortina 80 was improved, not least with more glass area in the cabin, a lightened shell and subtle changes to the grille, tail lamps and many of the skin panels.虽然基于密切的四队的风格和规格的科尔蒂纳丹八十改善其中较玻璃座舱区、壳牌减轻了微妙的变化,给门锁、许多灯具和尾部的皮肤板.
The engines had all been improved, to make them at once more powerful and more economical.引擎均已改善,使之更经济、更强大的一次. Now there was a choice of five different power units, which spanned 61bhp/1.3-litres to 116bhp/2.3-litres, there were Base, L, GL and Ghia equipment packs, saloon and estate car types, totalling no fewer than 20 derivatives.现在有五种不同的选择权单位,其中以横跨61bhp/1.3-litres116bhp/2.3-litres有基地,L号ghia折、化验设备,球馆及地产车种,总数不下20衍生物. It was then also possible to specify an S (for ?Sporting? wheel/suspension package), or a ?Heavy Duty Pack?这在当时也有可能订收盘(?体育?车轮/暂停包装),或?重型折? which made the cars even more suitable for poor surfaces and high-load-carrying duties.从而使车更适合贫困面和高承载职务. This ensured that the Cortina 80 sold as well as any of its predecessors, especially in 1981 and 1982 when two popular special editions, the Carousel and the Crusader, were made available and after a final facia/equipment up-grade was made to all models in September 1981.这确保了1980年科尔蒂纳丹出售以及有其前任尤其是在1981年和1982年的两次民意专版,货架和社会活动家春节休假后,最后面部/设备年级了所有型号1981年9月.
Finally, after a wonderful career which had spanned 20 years, in which more than 4.3 million cars had been produced, the very last British-built Cortina was completed at the Dagenham plant in Essex on July 22, 1982.最后,经过了一段美好生涯横跨20年其中轿车已超过430万制作、去年英国的非常设科尔蒂纳丹dagenham厂在完成对埃塞克斯1982年7月22日. It was immediately replaced by the Sierra, which soon built up its own best-selling reputation.它立即取代塞拉,很快建立起自己的畅销声誉.
WHAT YOU GET 什么才叫 
The Cortina has always represented no-nonsense family transport.科尔蒂纳丹始终代表了不尚空谈家运输. The MkI and Mk II models, like Wagon Wheels, may well be smaller than you remember them, their interior space being put to shame by a current Fiesta.二队的协议和模式,像水车轮子,可能比不上你记住他们,其室内空间的耻辱目前正在向广场. The 109bhp Lotus Cortina still has the capacity to entertain and the 1600E is a handsome devil.109bhp的荷花科尔蒂纳丹仍有能力是一项娱乐和1600e英俊魔鬼. The Mk III?s American influence is apparent in its soft suspension and lazy power delivery, the 2.3-litre engine generating just 113bhp but a decent amount of torque.三队的?美国人在其影响是显而易见的软、懒权力暂时交付2.3公升引擎的发电量仅113bhp但象样扭矩. Opt for a Mk IV or preferably a Mk V ?最好还是选择了一队队四五? also known amongst Cortinaphiles as the Cortina 80 ?别名cortinaphiles其中1980年为科尔蒂纳丹? and understandably you?ll get a closer approximation of modern motoring.理解你?当地找到密切近似现代汽车. Whilst some would say they give a closer approximation of what a big step forward the Sierra represented, the later Cortinas are still spacious and good looking in a set squared eighties fashion.虽然有些人会说他们什么密切逼近一大步塞拉代表、后来cortinas仍宽敞帅气80平方一套时装.
WHAT YOU PAY 您付出
With nearly 1,000 different variants of trim, engine and body style available, perhaps we should pick out valuations of cars of most interest to collectors.有近1000名不同的变体修剪,发动机和作风提供身体、也许我们应该找出最感兴趣的估值轿车收藏. The pick of the Mk 1 cars is the Lotus Cortina, which in very good condition fetches around £12,000 for a 1963/64 example.接车的是荷花科尔蒂纳丹一月队,这非常好售价为12000英镑,1963年至1964年左右的例子. Find one with a bit of history and it could be worth a good deal more.找一个有点历史可以有更多元. The best of the Mk II models is probably the 1600E which tend to hover around £5,000 for well looked after examples.二队的最佳模式可能是1600e往往是5000英镑左右徘徊照顾好例子. Mk III models with their coke-bottle hips and kitschy Seventies interiors are becoming quite sought after amongst today?s youth bored of jelly mould shapes and elephant skin plastics yet still represent good value with many spares being common with later Mk IV models.三队同型号焦瓶、髋kitschy七十年腹地之间变得相当抢手吗?收盘青年无聊、象皮果冻形状塑料模具得很多,但仍然被普遍与零件型号后四队. Even tidy examples struggle to command much more than £1,000.更整洁例子斗争指挥部比1000英镑. Mk IV and Mk V models tend to be priced under £800 unless you can find a genuinely concours example.第四、第五队队模式往往是800英镑的价格下,除非你能找到一个真正concours例子.
WHAT TO LOOK FOR 寻找什么
As with most cars over twenty years old, corrosion is always going to be an issue.由于大部分车龄超过21岁,总是会被腐蚀的问题. Mk I and Mk II cars are comparatively less rigorously rustproofed than the later models and a sure way of seeing if suspension mounts have corroded is to take a good look at the bonnet.队一和队二比轿车还比较少,严格rustproofed后来看到模型和一定的压力,如果受侵蚀是要好好看看头盖. If the bonnet panel doesn?t sit straight, either the car has been accident damaged or (even more likely) the front suspension mountings have been patched over.如果头盖小组不惜?坐在直笔,要么被车意外损毁或(更可能)受锋已经挂了又补. The chrome parts such as light bezels and bumpers are prone to corrosion and are very difficult to replace.铬保险杠、零部件等轻型bezels容易腐蚀,很难取代. The alloy wheels fitted to sportier Mk IV and V models also suffer notable corrosion.合金车轮装配sportier队第四和第五模式也明显受到腐蚀.
The vinyl interiors found in most Cortinas are prone to cracking and fading, whilst the plusher velour trims found on later Ghia models hasn?t proved particularly hardwearing either.乙烯腹地发现的最cortinas容易褪色、开裂、虽然后来发现车窗丝绒斩ghia型号耕地?尤其hardwearing笔证明. Having said that, bodywork really is the key consideration with Cortinas.话虽如此,真的是主要的考虑与车身cortinas. Engines can be repaired or replaced fairly cheaply but a set of quality panels are increasingly rare and valued.修理或更换引擎可以比较便宜,但品质板一套价值越来越珍稀. The only genuinely troublesome engine was the initial 1.2 which had a reputation for gearbox seize ups which in turn put the engine?s main bearings out of kilter, sending the con rods punching through the block.发动机是唯一真正的麻烦2月1日已初步掌握了声誉变速箱波折,从而把发动机?收盘主要轴承列失调、通过对照棒送座冲. This can spoil your day.这一天您可以弄糟. Fortunately this problem was largely ironed out when the engine was massaged out to 1.3-litres in the Mk II.好在这个问题在很大程度上解决了1.3发动机是按摩-二公升的队.
Finally a word of warning regarding ?King Cortina?, the Mk I Lotus Cortina.最后一句警告?国王科尔蒂纳丹?,我队科尔蒂纳丹荷花. This is one of those cars of which a good few more examples seem to exist now than when they were made.这是一个很好的轿车,其中几个例子现在似乎不是时候了. When you pause to consider the premium Lotus models make over regular cars this is understandable.当你思考的模式使保费比普通车的荷花,这是可以理解的. Check the chassis plates and registration details, and look for the bulge in the boot floor that denotes the lowered suspension.检查底盘板块和登记细节,寻找行李箱地板的膨胀,是指暂时降低. There should be additional reinforcement on a bona fide Lotus Cortina too.还要增加对真正的荷花科尔蒂纳丹增援. Anybody trying to pass off a four-door model as a Lotus Cortina should probably be reported to Trading Standards.有人试图通过对开四门模式作为荷花科尔蒂纳丹大概要上报营运水准. There was never any such thing.中国从来没有任何这类东西. If in doubt, the good folks at the Lotus-Cortina Register may well be able to help.若有疑问,好乡亲在莲花科尔蒂纳丹登记可能能帮助.
REPLACEMENT PARTS 替换零件
Join a club, trawl the internet and scour the breaker?s yards for Cortina spares.加入一个俱乐部,拖网和因特网的冲刷断路器?收盘为堆场科尔蒂纳丹备件. You?ll soon work out what is interchangeable with what in order to keep your Cortina on the road.你?当地尽快出台什么有什么可互换为了留住你科尔蒂纳丹在路上.
ON THE ROAD 在路上
Aside from the early Lotus and 1600E models the Cortina never had much of a reputation as a driver?s car.除了早期的荷花、科尔蒂纳丹1600e型号没有多大的美誉司机?收盘轿车. Those expecting creature comforts may be a little shocked at quite how Spartan our motoring pleasures were in the early Seventies.可享受较预期小颇为惊讶如何驾驶乐趣的斯巴达人的七十年代初. The Mk III models are a little plusher and consequently a little barge like, but find an automatic version and it?s possible to waft about enjoyably.三队是典型的小车窗,因此有点像驳船、但它找到一个自动版本?收盘播出约愉快地飘荡. The later Mk IV and Mk V versions, despite selling in huge numbers, really represent the glory days of the fleet purchasing bloc and in all but the Ghia versions feel very much built down to a price.后来四队和五队的版本,虽然大量贩卖、真正代表荣耀的日子在所有的车队和集团购买版本而感到非常ghia建成降至代价. They are surprisingly nimble, however, due in no small part to their relatively light weight and the estate versions still make perfectly serviceable workhorses able to swallow cavernous loads.他们居然敏捷,但归功于其相对重量轻、地产版本仍十分完好workhorses能吞下海绵负荷. Diesel engined cars are particularly unlovely.柴油引擎轿车尤其unlovely.
OVERALL 总体
The Cortina represents a snapshot of what life represented for the British man in the street form the late sixties through to the early eighties.科尔蒂纳丹代表的一个写照英国为代表的生活是什么普通人成为六十年代至八十年代末. The values, the economic conditions and the fashions of the day are all preserved faithfully.价值观、经济状况和流行式样都忠实保存. Find a good one and wallow in the nostalgia.找到一份好沉湎在怀旧. Prices can only go in one direction and a decent car may represent a canny investment as well as an enjoyable ownership experience.价格只能走一个方向,一个象样的汽车可能代表投资以及坎尼拥有一个愉快的经验.
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